The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response announced this week that it will spend $170 million this year to purchase the FDA-licensed smallpox vaccine ACAM2000. The vaccine will replenish and build on currently stockpiled vaccine. Under the agreement, ASPR may purchase additional vaccine over the next 10 years, up to a total of nearly $2.8 billion. To protect U.S. military personnel serving in high-risk areas, the U.S. Department of Defense acquires the vaccine stored by the Strategic National Stockpile prior to expiration. HHS then replenishes the stockpile.